Great questions. The earliest full set of the 7 comes from Hugh of Saint Victor work De Sacramentis. You then see it in Peter Lombard's Sentences book 4 and later in Thomas Aquinas' Summa. I been working on the connection with the east and west, but have not found the full connection yet. I know in the case of marriage that Augustine in the Good of Marriage and in Marriage and Concupiscence classified it as a sacrament and that something both the east and the west agree on. I say this because the east and the west has a couple of differences with their view of the seven, having a slightly different list. Hopefully this helps.
By the way the Coptics do view marriage a sacrament. And it should be noted that the seven came much after Chalcedon as reflected by the trail of the seven in which I just presented coming from the West.
